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Music Glossary

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FAQ (frequently asked question)
Acronym commonly seen on bulletin boards, Internet Web sites, and corporate information centers. By compiling FAQ lists (FAQs), organizations significantly reduce time spent repeatedly answering the same questions.
far end
Teleconferencing term meaning the distant location of transmission; the other end of the telephone line, as opposed to your end (known as the near end)..
flange
An effect created by layering two identical sounds with a slight delay (1- 20 mS) and slightly modulating the delay of one or both of the sounds. The term comes from the early days of tape recording when delay effects were created by grabbing the flanges of the tape reels to change the tape speed.
Forte
In the dynamics of music, forte indicates that a particular passage, accent, progression or end of a crescendo should be played or sung with a loud volume. If one ignores the possibility of a true "mezzo" volume, medium, then forte is one of six dynamic markings ranging from ff, fortissimo, to pp, pianissimo. (This would also disregard fff and ppp which are indicated on some scores). Forte does not simply mean loud volume it is also used to express strength. For example, "Ron's forte is the marimba" would indicate that his best instrument or aspect of music, his strongest point is playing the marimba.
Fortissimo
In the range of dynamic marking, with the exception of fff, triple forte, and ppp, triple piano, fortissimo, ff is the very loudest marking. It can be found usually at the end of a symphonic movement or passionate passage of highly intense music. In and of itself it is not used excessively as loud volumes can become taxing over a long period of time. Climaxes, points of culmination, high crescendos, zeniths and apexes within a musical story-line, or the story of the music in and of itself often find this dynamic marking.
Four-beat
"Four-beat" is used by jazz musicians, particularly those who are adept at swing, to play all beats of a four-beat bass rhythm with equal emphasis. The two most distinct examples of four-beat rhythms are 4/4 and 12/8. In the first the four beats each include one quarter note. In the second, each beat includes three eighth notes.
Fourier theorem
A mathematical theorem stating that any function may be resolved into sine and cosine terms with known amplitudes and phases.
Framers
Any person, partnership, corporation or entity to whom the RIAA has granted a license and authorization to manufacture certified award plaques.
full duplex
Redundant term.

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